Battery Level Indicator

This circuit uses a LM339 pdf, a quad comparator. LM339 pdf can work on single or dual supplies, it has a open collector output that can drive 15mA, low power consumption. The circuit is an untested design but it should work. I did it as many searches were made in my webpages with these keywords. [...]

Differential to TTL convertor using LM339

Some outputs are via Dual Differential Line Driver type DS8830. This device will interface with standard TTL systems.

The differential outputs are balanced and are designed to drive long lengths of coaxial cable, strip line, or twisted pair transmission lines with characteristic impedances of 50 ohms to 500 ohms. Differential transmission is superior to single wire [...]

Simple Digital Event Counter

The basic digital circuits are Flip Flop and Counter, both are here. This circuit can be cascaded to make even a 6 digit event counter, even a simple frequency counter can be made.

These are best done with microcontrollers today. Then what if you have to design your own microcontroller on a FPGA, so the basics [...]

Astable Multivibrator with 555 Timer

The 555 Astable oscillator gives a square wave output at pin 3, The output drives two LEDs, LED1 lights up when pin 3 is low and LED2 when pin 3 is high. de_gads_top The 555 can source (LED2) or Sink (LED1) upto 200mA. It can even drive a small motor or lamp with diodes added [...]